Ancang-ancang karo kegiatan antibakteri sing digunakake akeh kanggo nambani penyakit sing disebabake aktivitas vital saka mikroorganisme patogen. Given that microbes are able to adapt to the effects of such substances and continue to show resistance to them, new, stronger and more effective medicines are being developed.
Antibiotik spektrum sing wiyar modern
Ciri-ciri saka klompok agen sing dipikir-pikir sing padha efektif kanggo mikroorganisme gram positif lan gram negatif. Antibiotik modern saka generasi paling anyar kanthi macem-macem kegiatan ana sawetara jinis:
- monobactams (Azrethra);
- carbapenems (Meropenem, Imipenem, Primaxin, Cilastatin);
- glikopeptida (Teicoplanin);
- Oxazolidinones (Zyvox, Linezolid);
- fluoroquinolones (Avelox).
Dene macrolides saka generasi katelu (Sumamed, Rulid, Roxithromycin), Fusidine lan lincosamides (Lincomycin, Clindomycin), cephalosporins saka generasi kaping 3 lan kaping 4 bisa kasebut ing macem-macem obat:
- Panjebar Semangat;
- Cefotaxime;
- Cefepime;
- Ceftazidime.
Antawis aminoglycosides, spektrum aktivitas ingkang ageng sanget:
- Iepamycin;
- Sisomisin;
- Nethylmycin;
- Tobramycin;
- Amicacin .
Rifamycins:
- Rifamid;
- Rifocin;
- Rifampicin.
Dhaftar antibiotik khusus saka generasi paling anyar
Yen penyakit kasebut disebabake dening jinis mikroorganisme tartamtu, perlu nggunakake obatan kanthi fokus sempit. Obat-obatan kasebut kalebu penisilin anyar:
- Benzylpenicillin;
- Novobiocin;
- Ristomycin;
- Bacitracin.
Bakteri gram negatif sing kena tular karo polimyxin (E, M), antibiotik poli:
- Levorin;
- Nystatin;
- Amphotericin B.
Kanggo pertempuran jamur sing digunakake:
- Mycoheptin;
- Amphoglucamine;
- Griseofulvin;
- Diflucan;
- Ankotil.
Antibiotik modern kanggo bronchitis lan radhang paru-paru
Pathologi inflamasi ing saluran pernapasan diobati kanthi obatan antibakteri, gumantung marang patogen. Dadi, kanthi infeksi cytomegalovirus lan pneumocystis, sing kasebut yaiku:
- Ganciclovir;
- Cotrimoxazole;
- Cytotect;
- Acyclovir.
Yen penyakit ditimbulake dening jamur, Fluconazole digunakake ing podo karo cephalosporins generasi katelu (Ceftazidime, Ceftriaxone).
Kekuwatan bakteri coccal Gram-positif melu resepsi:
- carbapines (Meronem, Tienam);
- cephalosporins saka generasi kaping 4 (Cefilin).
Ing ngarsane mikroba gram-negatif:
- aminoglycosides (Netilmicin, Izepamycin, Amikacin, Tobramycin);
- cephalosporins generasi katelu (Cefotaxime).
Infeksi anaerobik mbutuhake penisilin (Linkomycin).
Ing kasus sing atypical saka penyakit lan predominance saka intramellular microorganisms, macrolides sing diwènèhaké:
- Roxithromycin;
- Meadecamycin;
- Sumamed ;
- Clarithromycin.